Alhazen Known as “Alhazen” by European scientists, Ibn al-Haytham (965-1040) developed Euclidean geometry and was highly regarded for his work in optics.
In ancient Baghdad, the scholar known as Caliph Mamoun founded the “Beit al-Hikamah” (House of Wisdom), an academy, library, museum, observatory and translation center in 830 A.D.